I am using an STM32 Nucleo-F446RE with the Ethernet Wiznet W5500 via SPI. The SPI is configured as Master, CPOL = Low, CPHA = 1st Edge, 8-bit data, BaudRatePrescaler = 16. I see correct SPI waveforms on the oscilloscope, but I encounter a hard fault when debugging.

I have disabled other SPI modules to avoid conflicts. Here is the relevant initialization code:

// SPI and W5500 Initialization
void MX_SPI1_Init(void)
{
    hspi1.Instance = SPI1;
    hspi1.Init.Mode = SPI_MODE_MASTER;
    hspi1.Init.Direction = SPI_DIRECTION_2LINES;
    hspi1.Init.DataSize = SPI_DATASIZE_8BIT;
    hspi1.Init.CLKPolarity = SPI_POLARITY_LOW;
    hspi1.Init.CLKPhase = SPI_PHASE_1EDGE;
    hspi1.Init.NSS = SPI_NSS_SOFT;
    hspi1.Init.BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_16;
    if (HAL_SPI_Init(&hspi1) != HAL_OK)
    {
        Error_Handler();
    }
}

void W5500_Init(void)
{
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_PIN_RESET); // Reset W5500
    HAL_Delay(1);
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_PIN_SET);
    HAL_Delay(1);

    uint8_t reg = 0x01; uint8_t value = 0xF0;
    HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, &reg, 1, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
    HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, &value, 1, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
}

Fault registers when the crash occurs:
– CFSR: `0x00000002` (Data bus error)
– HFSR: `0x40000000` (Forced hard fault)
– BFAR: `0x20001000` (Faulty memory access)

I am using STM32CubeIDE. Below is my HardFault handler:

void HardFault_Handler(void)
{
    while (1) {}
}

Could someone please help me resolve this issue? 🙏🏽.